Abstract
Copious amounts of relevance judgments are necessary for the effective training and accurate evaluation of retrieval systems. Conventionally, these judgments are made by human assessors, rendering this process expensive and laborious. A recent study by Thomas et al. from Microsoft Bing suggested that large language models (LLMs) can accurately perform the relevance assessment task and provide human-quality judgments, but unfortunately their study did not yield any reusable software artifacts. Our work presents UMBRELA (a recursive acronym that stands for UMbrela is the Bing RELevance Assessor), an open-source toolkit that reproduces the results of Thomas et al. using OpenAI's GPT-4o model and adds more nuance to the original paper. Across Deep Learning Tracks from TREC 2019 to 2023, we find that LLM-derived relevance judgments correlate highly with rankings generated by effective multi-stage retrieval systems. Our toolkit is designed to be easily extensible and can be integrated into e