Abstract
Today's Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers have scientific value, but quantum machines with broad practical value must be protected against noise using quantum error correction and fault-tolerant protocols. Recent studies of quantum error correction on actual hardware are opening a new era of quantum information processing. Error-corrected computers capable of performing one million quantum operations or more may be realized soon, raising a compelling question for the quantum community: What are the potential uses of these megaquop machines?