Abstract
Fundamental issues of 1/f noise in quantum nanoscience are reviewed starting from basic statistical noise processes. Fundamental noise models based on two-level systems (TLS) are described. We emphasize the importance of TLSs in materials parameter fluctuations, such as dielectric constant. The present understanding of 1/f noise in superconducting quantum interferometers and in single electron devices is summarized. For coherent quantum nanoscience, we introduce superconducting qubits and the relation between decoherence and 1/f noise using the filter function formulation. We also clarify the qubit noise spectroscopy and emphasize the importance of materials with reduced 1/f noise for future quantum coherent nanodevices.