Resource-efficient and fault-tolerant topological quantum computation with hybrid entanglement of light

Abstract

We propose an all-linear-optical scheme to ballistically generate a cluster state for measurement-based topological fault-tolerant quantum computation using hybrid photonic qubits entangled in a continuous-discrete domain. Availability of near-deterministic Bell-state measurements on hybrid qubits is exploited for the purpose. In the presence of photon losses, we show that our scheme leads to a significant enhancement in both tolerable photon-loss rate and resource overheads. More specifically, we report a photon-loss threshold of $\sim 3.3\times 10^{-3}$, which is higher than those of known optical schemes under a reasonable error model. Furthermore, resource overheads to achieve logical error rate of $10^{-6}(10^{-15})$ is estimated to be $\sim 8.5\times 10^5(1.7\times 10^7)$ which is significantly less by multiple orders of magnitude compared to other reported values in the literature.