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Measuring What Cannot Be Surveyed: Llms As Instruments For Latent Cognitive Variables In Labor Economics

Abstract

This paper establishes the theoretical and practical foundations for using Large Language Models (LLMs) as measurement instruments for latent economic variables -- specifically variables that describe the cognitive content of occupational tasks at a level of granularity not achievable with existing survey instruments. I formalize four conditions under which LLM-generated scores constitute valid in

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